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Calf Island, also known as Apthorps Island, is a windswept island situated some offshore of downtown Boston in the Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area. The island has a permanent size of , plus an intertidal zone of a further , and has a thin layer of soil that supports vegetation including wild cherry, beach plum, grasses, chives, and mock orange. Access is by private boat only. In the 17th century the island was granted to William Brewster of Plymouth Colony, after whom the adjacent islands of Great Brewster, Little Brewster, Middle Brewster and Outer Brewster are named. Subsequently it was owned by Charles Apthorp who also owned Long Island and other property in the harbor. Over the years, several huts and houses were built on the island, including a colonial style summer estate built by Benjamin P. Cheney, Jr. and his wife, actress Julia Arthur, in 1902. Today only ruins remain.〔 Illegal boxing matches were staged on the island in the late 19th century.〔 In the 1920s, the Army planned to install a pair of guns on Calf Island as part of the Harbor Defenses of Boston, along with gun batteries on Deer Island (now underneath the Deer Island Waste Water Treatment Plant) and Hog Island (now called Spinnaker Island), to cover the seaward approaches to Boston Harbor. The battery on Calf Island was never built.〔 ==References== 〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Calf Island (Massachusetts)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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